{"id":1967,"date":"2017-06-27T11:14:19","date_gmt":"2017-06-27T11:14:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.grupdanalisi.org\/glossary-s-h-foulkes\/"},"modified":"2017-06-27T11:14:19","modified_gmt":"2017-06-27T11:14:19","slug":"glossary-s-h-foulkes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.grupdanalisi.org\/en\/foundations-of-ga\/glossary-s-h-foulkes\/","title":{"rendered":"Glossary: S. H. Foulkes"},"content":{"rendered":"

The approximation of S. H. Foulkes<\/h2>\n

The second author to use the name of Group-Analysis to baptize the grouptherapy he created and practiced was S. h. Foulkes\u2014psychoanalyst of German origin, analyzed by Helene Deutsch in Vienna 1928-1930, and emigrated to England in 1933. Around 1939 he said that having read Burrow in the twenties [1]<\/a> he thought the latter had abandoned the term.\u00a0 Also, we count with some foundational papers of Foulkes which contain some basic concepts, the one of 1942 (1944) written in collaboration with his colleague and co-therapist, Eve Lewis [2]<\/a> and another one (On Group Analysis) of 1946<\/a> [3]<\/a>. There he defines groupanalysis as well as the concept of group.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u00a0Definition of Group Analysis:<\/h4>\n

\u201cThe type of group treatment we are interested I have been called group analysis\u2026 If you took it in a very wide sense, you could say that it uses psychoanalytic principles. In fact it is much less but also much more than psychoanalysis in group\u2026 In my approach, the word \u2018analysis\u2019 not only refers to psychoanalysis but reflects at least three different influences, which all operate actively:<\/p>\n

First influence, Goldstein (Organism) and Gelb (Gestalt): \u201cpsychological analysis\u201d, theories of the years twenty. The approximation of Goldstein is radically \u201cholistic\u201d. The whole is more than the sum of the parts. All data is significant. The observer forms an integral part of the situation; introduces dynamic forces in the field and is permeable to forces which emanate from such a field.<\/p>\n

Second influence, psychoanalysis itself. Nothing of the unconscious is invalidated because people find themselves together in a circle: free association, the attitude of the analyst, the phenomenon of transference, resistance and defense mechanisms\u2026 in essence everything, although in detail it may be different. GA is different to other forms of group therapy.<\/p>\n

Third influence comes from what could be called \u201csociological analysis\u201d, or socioanalysis. The standards of what we consider normal or acceptable see themselves revised and re-defined with the consent and verdict of the group itself. The limits of the individual egos and the criteria of the superego become fluid and are re-founded. Karl Mannheim, in the book \u201cDiagnosis of Our Time\u201d (1943) [4]<\/a> has used the term \u2018group analysis\u2019, independently, from a sociological perspective.<\/p>\n

This then, is the triple sense which the name of \u201cGroup analysis\u201d pretends to transmit: 1) Its relationship with Psychological Analysis, 2) its relationship with Psychoanalysis, 3) its relationship with Socioanalysis.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Definition of group<\/h4>\n

\u201cThe group in what concerns us here, has a certain number of persons, not less than five and not more than ten\u2026 seated in a circle or around a table. The person who has called them together is called a conductor o director. In our case these persons are patients in treatment\u2026 who use language as a medium of communication in the intent of confronting their difficulties\u2026 Soon there start to form special dynamic relationships between the individuals and the conductor, and between them, at the same time that the assembly as a whole and every one of the members\u2026 They start to live, feel, think, act and talk more in terms of \u201cwe\u201d than \u201cI\u201d, \u201cyou\u201d and \u201che\u201d. At the same time, and I want to underline this point, the individuals do not dissolve but to the contrary show more their personal characteristics\u2026 <<As soon as this small sample of community shows signs of organization and structure in the described form, we call it a group>>.\u201d<\/span> [5]<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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[1]<\/a> Foulkes S. H. (1964). Therapeutic Group Analysis<\/i>, Historical Perspective <\/i>(13-15). NY: IUP. Traducci\u00f3n castellana: Foulkes S. H. (2007). Grupoan\u00e1lisis Terap\u00e9utico, Perspectiva Hist\u00f3rica<\/i> (16). Barcelona: Cegaop Press.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[2]<\/a> Foulkes S.H. & Lewis E<\/em>. (1944<\/em>) Group Analysis: Studies in the Treatment of Groups on Psycho-Analytic Lines. B.J.Med.Psychol.,<\/i> 20, 175-184.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Foulkes, S. H. (1946). On Group Analysis<\/a>. In M. Pines & E. Foulkes (Eds.) Selected Papers: Psychoanalysis and Group Analysis<\/i> (137-144). Londres: Karnac Books<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[4]<\/a> Karl Mannheim (1966 [1943]) Diagn\u00f3stico de nuestro tiempo, M\u00e9xico-BuenosAires: Fondo de Cultura Econ\u00f3mica. P. 103, V del Prefacio: Educaci\u00f3n de masas y an\u00e1lisis de Grupo.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[5]<\/a> (op. cit.)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The approximation of S. H. Foulkes The second author to use the name of Group-Analysis to baptize the grouptherapy he created and practiced was S. h. Foulkes\u2014psychoanalyst of German origin, analyzed by Helene Deutsch in Vienna 1928-1930, and emigrated to England in 1933. Around 1939 he said that having read Burrow in the twenties [1] […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":1979,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.grupdanalisi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1967"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.grupdanalisi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.grupdanalisi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.grupdanalisi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.grupdanalisi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1967"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.grupdanalisi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1967\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.grupdanalisi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1979"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.grupdanalisi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1967"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}